Research Progress on Synthesis and Application of Cyclodextrin Polymers

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a series of cyclic oligosaccharides formed by amylose under the action of CD glucosyltransferase that is produced by Bacillus. After being modified by polymerization, substitution and grafting, high molecular weight cyclodextrin polymers (pCDs) containing multiple CD units can be obtained. pCDs retain the internal hydrophobic-external hydrophilic cavity structure characteristic of CDs, while also possessing the stability of polymer. They are a class of functional polymer materials with strong development potential and have been applied in many fields. This review introduces the research progress of pCDs, including the synthesis of pCDs and their applications in analytical separation science, materials science, and biomedicine.     

An 18 Multi-InDels panel for analysis of highly degraded forensic biological samples

DNA genotyping from trace and highly degraded biological samples is one of the most significant challenges of forensic DNA identification. There is a lack of simple and effective methods for genotyping highly degraded samples. In this study, a multiple loci insertion/deletion polymorphisms (Multi-InDels) panel was designed for detecting 18 autosomal Multi-InDels through capillary electrophoresis (CE) with amplicon sizes no longer than 125 bp. Studies of sensitivity, degradation, and species specificity were performed and a population study was carried out using 192 samples from Han populations in Hunan province in the south of China. The combined random match probability (CMP) of these 18 Multi-InDels was 3.23 × 10^–12 and the cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) was 0.9989, suggesting this panel could be used independently for human identification and could provide efficient supporting information for parentage testing. Complete profiles were obtained from as low as 62.5 pg of total input DNA after increasing the number of PCR cycles. Moreover, all alleles were detected from artificially highly degraded DNA after 80 min of boiling water bath treatment. This 18 Multi-InDels panel is simple, fast, and effective for the forensic analysis of highly degraded DNA.     

Shock and traveling wave phenomena on an externally damped, non-linear string

We examine the propagation of shocks and traveling wave phenomena on a one-dimensional string that is executing finite-amplitude, transverse vibrations in a resisting medium. As part of our study, we develop an approach that allows us to describe, albeit approximately, the evolution and propagation of a shock front using analytical methods. In addition, exact traveling wave solutions, one of which involves the Lambert W-function, of the string's equation of motion are determined and analyzed. Lastly, a possible new form of the solution to the linearized problem is presented and extensions and other applications of the present work are briefly discussed.     

工业化住宅系统建模和控制的初步分析

探索用系统科学原理和方法分析工业化住宅的形成过程，讨论了工业化住宅系统的结构模型，邻接矩阵，数学模型及知识模型，构建了工业化住宅系统的集成模型，提出了工业化住宅系统优化设计原则和目标函数，分析了工业化住宅形成过程的多级递阶协调控制结构．为住宅工业化提供相关的理论指导．     

红外热成像技术在高分子科学研究中的应用

红外热成像技术是一种非接触、非破坏性的测试材料表面温度的方法,具有既能生成优质图像,又能够精确测温的特点。该技术已被广泛用于全球工业行业的过程状态检测,如电力、建筑、医疗、军事等领域,但在高分子科学的研究领域应用还较少。本文介绍了红外热成像技术的基本原理,综述了红外热成像技术在高分子科学研究中的应用状况,包括研究材料在拉伸、冲击、疲劳过程的热效应特征,研究纤维成形过程的纺丝动力学及高分子聚合过程的反应动力学。     

Bipolar Electrochemistry

A bipolar electrode (BPE) is an electrically conductive material that promotes electrochemical reactions at its extremities (poles) even in the absence of a direct ohmic contact. More specifically, when sufficient voltage is applied to an electrolyte solution in which a BPE is immersed, the potential difference between the BPE and the solution drives oxidation and reduction reactions. Because no direct electrical connection is required to activate redox reactions, large arrays of electrodes can be controlled with just a single DC power supply or even a battery. The wireless aspect of BPEs also makes it possible to electrosynthesize and screen novel materials for a wide variety of applications. Finally, bipolar electrochemistry enables mobile electrodes, dubbed microswimmers, that are able to move freely in solution.     

Temperature-Dependent Surface-Enrichment Effects of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

We present the first systematic study of the influence of temperature on the degree of surface enrichment of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs). Using angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the degree of surface enrichment strongly decreases with increasing temperature for all the studied ILs. For ILs with the same cation, but different anions, [C₈C₁Im]Br, [C₈C₁Im][TfO] and [C₈C₁Im][Tf₂N], no significant differences of the temperature-induced partial loss of surface enrichment are found. Measurements for [C₄C₁Im][TfO], [C₈C₁Im][TfO] and [C₁₈C₁Im][TfO] indicate a small effect of the chain length. For [C₁₈C₁Im][TfO], a continuous decrease of alkyl surface enrichment is found with increasing temperature, with no abrupt changes at the phase-transition temperature from the smectic A to the isotropic phase, indicating that the surface enrichment is not affected by this phase transition.     

ON THE CULTIVATION OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS MAJORING MECHANICS BASED ON THE IDEA OF UNIVERSITY

21世纪信息技术、微纳米技术和生物技术等新兴领域的高速发展给力学专业的人才培养带来了机遇与挑战。本文简单介绍了高等教育的基本理念与发展及其在中国的演变。通过分析现阶段社会发展的需求和力学发展的趋势,阐述了力学本科的培养目标应该是具有宽广的人文素养和深厚的专业知识的创新型人才。本文结合上海大学二十余年来理论与应用力学本科人才培养的实际情况,对实现这一目标提出了几点参考建议。     

LEONARDO DA VINCI AND FLUID MECHANICS 1)

旷世全才列奥纳多·达·芬奇(Leonardo da Vinci),被世人誉为画家、雕刻家、天文学家、发明家、音乐家、数学家、解剖学家、生理学家、地质学家、植物学家、作家、军事、建筑工程和制图师,是意大利文艺复兴时期人文主义的代表人物。本文对其流体力学相关思想及湍流、飞行、波浪和风暴等几个方面的研究贡献进行梳理,认为他是流体力学科学研究的先驱和奠基人,也是一位“流体力学家”。